JavaScript Math

Perform mathematical operations and calculations

🔢 What is JavaScript Math?

The Math object provides mathematical constants and functions. You can perform calculations, generate random numbers, and use mathematical operations. 


// Basic math operations
console.log(Math.round(4.7)); // 5
console.log(Math.random());   // Random number between 0 and 1

Output:

5
0.7834592847362

Key Math Concepts

🔄

Rounding

Round numbers up, down, or nearest 

Math.round(4.7); // 5
🎲

Random Numbers

Generate random values 

Math.random(); // 0 to 1
📊

Min/Max

Find smallest or largest values 

Math.max(1, 5, 3); // 5
âš¡

Power/Square

Calculate powers and square roots 

Math.pow(2, 3); // 8

🔹 Rounding Numbers

Different ways to round numbers: 

let number = 4.7;

console.log("Original:", number);           // 4.7
console.log("Round:", Math.round(number));  // 5 (nearest integer)
console.log("Floor:", Math.floor(number));  // 4 (round down)
console.log("Ceil:", Math.ceil(number));    // 5 (round up)

// More examples
console.log(Math.round(4.4));  // 4
console.log(Math.round(4.5));  // 5
console.log(Math.floor(4.9));  // 4
console.log(Math.ceil(4.1));   // 5

Output:

Original: 4.7
Round: 5
Floor: 4
Ceil: 5
4
5
4
5

🔹 Random Numbers

Generate random numbers for games and applications: 

// Random decimal between 0 and 1
console.log(Math.random()); // 0.7834592847362

// Random number between 0 and 10
console.log(Math.random() * 10); // 7.834592847362

// Random integer between 1 and 10
console.log(Math.floor(Math.random() * 10) + 1); // 8

// Random integer between 1 and 6 (dice roll)
let diceRoll = Math.floor(Math.random() * 6) + 1;
console.log("Dice roll:", diceRoll); // 4

// Function to get random number between min and max
function randomBetween(min, max) {
    return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min;
}
console.log(randomBetween(5, 15)); // Random number between 5 and 15

Output:

0.7834592847362
7.834592847362
8
Dice roll: 4
12

🔹 Min, Max, and Absolute

Find minimum, maximum, and absolute values: 

// Find minimum and maximum
console.log(Math.min(5, 10, 2, 8));    // 2
console.log(Math.max(5, 10, 2, 8));    // 10

// With arrays (using spread operator)
let numbers = [5, 10, 2, 8, 15];
console.log(Math.min(...numbers));     // 2
console.log(Math.max(...numbers));     // 15

// Absolute value (distance from zero)
console.log(Math.abs(-5));     // 5
console.log(Math.abs(5));      // 5
console.log(Math.abs(-3.14));  // 3.14

Output:

2
10
2
15
5
5
3.14

🔹 Powers and Square Roots

Calculate powers, square roots, and more: 

// Power (base, exponent)
console.log(Math.pow(2, 3));    // 8 (2 to the power of 3)
console.log(Math.pow(5, 2));    // 25 (5 squared)
console.log(Math.pow(10, 3));   // 1000 (10 cubed)

// Square root
console.log(Math.sqrt(16));     // 4
console.log(Math.sqrt(25));     // 5
console.log(Math.sqrt(2));      // 1.4142135623730951

// Math constants
console.log(Math.PI);           // 3.141592653589793
console.log(Math.E);            // 2.718281828459045

// Calculate circle area
let radius = 5;
let area = Math.PI * Math.pow(radius, 2);
console.log("Circle area:", area); // 78.53981633974483

Output:

8
25
1000
4
5
1.4142135623730951
3.141592653589793
2.718281828459045
Circle area: 78.53981633974483

🧠 Test Your Knowledge

What does Math.floor(4.9) return?