Go Conditions

Making decisions in your Go programs

🔀 What are Go Conditions?

Go conditions allow your program to make decisions and execute different code blocks based on whether certain conditions are true or false, enabling dynamic program behavior. 


// Simple condition example
age := 18
if age >= 18 {
    fmt.Println("You are an adult!")
}

Output:

You are an adult!

Types of Conditions

✅

If Statement

Execute code when condition is true 

if x > 0 {
    fmt.Println("Positive")
}
❌

If-Else

Handle both true and false cases 

if x > 0 {
    fmt.Println("Positive")
} else {
    fmt.Println("Not positive")
}
🔗

Else If

Chain multiple conditions together 

if x > 0 {
    fmt.Println("Positive")
} else if x < 0 {
    fmt.Println("Negative")
} else {
    fmt.Println("Zero")
}
🎯

Short Statement

Declare and check in one line 

if num := 10; num > 5 {
    fmt.Println("Greater than 5")
}

🔹 Basic If Statement

The simplest form of condition in Go: 

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    temperature := 25
    
    if temperature > 20 {
        fmt.Println("It's warm outside!")
    }
    
    fmt.Println("Program continues...")
}

Output:

It's warm outside!

Program continues...

🔹 If-Else Statement

Handle both true and false conditions: 

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    score := 85
    
    if score >= 90 {
        fmt.Println("Excellent! Grade: A")
    } else {
        fmt.Println("Good job! Grade: B")
    }
}

Output:

Good job! Grade: B

🔹 Multiple Conditions (Else If)

Chain multiple conditions for complex logic: 

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    grade := 78
    
    if grade >= 90 {
        fmt.Println("Grade: A")
    } else if grade >= 80 {
        fmt.Println("Grade: B")
    } else if grade >= 70 {
        fmt.Println("Grade: C")
    } else {
        fmt.Println("Grade: F")
    }
}

Output:

Grade: C

🔹 Logical Operators

Combine multiple conditions using logical operators: 

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    age := 25
    hasLicense := true
    
    // AND operator (&&)
    if age >= 18 && hasLicense {
        fmt.Println("Can drive!")
    }
    
    // OR operator (||)
    if age < 16 || !hasLicense {
        fmt.Println("Cannot drive")
    } else {
        fmt.Println("Eligible to drive")
    }
}

Output:

Can drive!

Eligible to drive

🔹 Short Variable Declaration

Declare and use variables within if statements: 

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    // Variable 'result' is only available within if block
    if result := 10 * 5; result > 40 {
        fmt.Printf("Result %d is greater than 40\n", result)
    }
    
    // result is not accessible here
    fmt.Println("Outside if block")
}

Output:

Result 50 is greater than 40

Outside if block

🧠 Test Your Knowledge

Which operator is used for "AND" in Go conditions?